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    volatile organic compounds 
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    -Environmental  
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     What 
      causes people today to worry about their environment 
      and personal air quality exposure? 
     
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    People 
      are better informed today. News media constantly address and expose environmental 
      health concerns, technical literature in layman's terms is readily available, 
      and the Internet has empowered every person to search for expert opinion.
     
     
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    People are more sensitive today. Our cleaner environment and 
    absence of traditional disease has made people less resistant to infection. 
    We have moved toward a more hygienic lifestyle for very good reasons - 
    because it prevents the transmission of dangerous life-threatening 
    organisms.
    But the cost of that may have been that we have deprived our immune response 
    of an essential stimuli during the first five years of life (National Post 1999). 
    How do people vaccinate themselves again? Development of allergic disease is 
    illustrated schematically. A genetically susceptible individual is exposed 
    to an allergen and becomes immunologically sensitized. At this stage the 
      person is asymptomatic, but the sensitization may be detected by skin tests 
      or laboratory tests. Over time, a proportion of sensitized individuals will 
      develop one of a group of allergic diseases. Exposure to an allergen is understood 
      to be a major factor at each stage of the pathogenesis of these diseases. 
      The most common allergic diseases caused by indoor allergens are allergic 
      rhinitis, sinusitis, asthma, and allergic skin diseases (dermatitis) 
      (National Academy of Sciences). 
     
     
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    OSB 
            Services/OSB Lab 
     
    
    
    2759 Thamesgate 
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  Mississauga, Ontario  
    Canada L4T 1G5 
    Phone: 905 677 0022 
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        People 
      are less tolerant today. Expectations are high today supported by long life 
      expectancy and advances in medicine. There are many individual and collective 
      influences on building occupants affecting their well being, comfort and 
      tolerance at work. Perception of the work environment is influenced by environmental 
      stressors such as lighting, noise, vibration, overcrowding, ergonomics, 
      interior design and psycho-social issues such as company organization, culture, 
      job satisfaction, security, health and family related problems (PM Magazine 
      1995).  | 
       
     
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    Managing 
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    The interaction of many environmental 
        components can lead to indoor air quality complaints. Many of these 
        environmental factors actually have little if anything to do with the 
        quality of air around us. If people feel ill, uncomfortable, or "out of 
        temperature", they blame air quality which also incorporates all aspects 
        of the air delivery system. Our specialty is the measurement of both the 
        chemical and people parameters that define indoor air quality (IAQ). 
     
        The 1995 Health Canada booklet (Indoor Air Quality in Office Buildings: 
        A Technical Guide) is well written for this purpose. CSA has published 
        their guideline Z 204-94 for managing indoor air quality in office 
        buildings. A very good manual is published by NIOSH and USEPA: A 
        Guide for Building Owners and Facility Managers. A useful text: 
        Indoor Allergens is published by National Academy Press (National 
        Academy of Sciences). 
         
         
         
     
          
         
         
     
        The causes of occupant complaints in a well managed building in the GTA 
        are multi-factorial and often elusive. Thermal comfort may be the only 
        issue in your building which includes local overheating, underheating, 
        humidity extremes, drafts and mainly lack of air circulation / exchange. 
        Generally, the building air delivery system provides the same air 
        quality parameters to all tenants. Therefore any tenant complaints will 
        be a subjective matter, the result of their activities in the office 
        space. 
     
        Some factors influencing indoor air quality which need to be considered 
        during any investigation include: 
  
        
          
          
            
                    
          • building design and location 
     • the outside air quality 
     • supply temperature and 
              relative humidity 
     • off-gassing from office 
              furnishings and equipment 
     • pollution sources, migration 
              and entrainment 
     • occupancy levels 
     • work activity | 
             
           
          
         
        
     
        Our experience in the GTA has been that the outside air quality entering 
        large commercial buildings has not been an issue. We are fortunate to be 
        in a city that has usually clean air. 
         
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